Laparoscopic Surgery

What Is Laparoscopy?

Laparoscopy refers to the visualization of the intraabdominal cavity. In fact, it is a surgical technique in which intraabdominal organs can be operated by entering the intraabdominal cavity. Laparoscopy is basically a closed surgical technique.

In the surgical treatment of these organs, it is a surgical technique performed with long-thin surgical equipment, accompanied by the image obtained with a telescope connected to a camera from trocars inserted through several small (0.5-1 cm) holes instead of large surgical incisions. Technically, live images are obtained from the camera inserted through the trocars. The image is larger than normal and provides a detailed field of view. Through this telescope, images of the intraabdominal organs is projected onto a screen through a small camera system mounted on the telescope, and surgery is performed with a 10-fold magnified image of the organ.

Compared to the large surgical incisions in open surgery, due to these small holes used in laparoscopic surgery, very little discomfort and pain is felt after laparoscopic surgery and cosmetic appearance is better. After laparoscopic surgery, pain and therefore the use of analgesics, length of hospital stay and recovery time are considerably reduced. Like open surgery, laparoscopic surgery is performed under general anesthesia.

Although laparoscopic surgery is a technique that provides more convenience to patients than open surgery, its application requires a lot of experience and especially training on this subject.

What Are The Benefits Of Laparoscopic Surgery?

Compared to open surgery, there are many benefits for patients specified in studies.

• 1- Less postoperative pain
• 2- Less bleeding
• 3- Shorter length of hospital stay
• 4- Acceptable cosmetic appearance / a small incision scar
• 5- Early return to daily life and working environment

When Laparoscopic Surgery Is Performed?

Laparoscopy is a technique that can be applied for many surgical interventions in urology. The number of surgeries it is used is increasing day by day. In recent years, the technique has become much more effective through new techniques adapted to laparoscopy. Laparoscopy is most commonly used for kidney surgeries in urology. I have been using the laparoscopic technique in the clinic since 2006.

Diseases İn Which Laparoscopy İs Used İn Urology:

Kidney Diseases:

1. Removal of the entire kidney for cancer or removal of cancerous tissue (radical nephrectomy / partial nephrectomy)
2. Kidney outlet stenosis (pyeloplasty)
3. Removal of stones from kidneys with abnormal anatomical localization (pyelolithotomy)
4. Removal of dysfunctional kidneys (laparoscopic nephrectomy)

Prostate Diseases:

Removal of the prostate for prostate cancer (laparoscopic radical prostatectomy)

Testicular Diseases:

Removal of lymph nodes for testicular cancer (laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy)

Bladder Diseases:

Complete removal of the bladder for bladder cancer (laparoscopic radical cystectomy)

Adrenal Gland Diseases:

Removal of cancer-suspected masses and functional benign tumors.

Please click for laparoscopic renal cyst surgery

In Which Cases Laparoscopic Surgery Should Not Be Applied?

Unrepairable bleeding diseases, intestinal obstructions, active infections of the abdominal wall, cancers that have spread to the peritoneum, and accumulation of water in the peritoneum are among the conditions that are definitely objectionable in the application of laparoscopic surgery. Obesity, previous major surgeries on the abdominal and pelvic organs, pregnancy, severe respiratory failure, severe heartbeat disorders, heart diseases are relatively inconvenient conditions.

Laparoscopic Surgical Complicatıons

Complications are very low in interventions performed by experienced and trained surgeons who perform routine laparoscopic operations. 4-5% is the approximate complication rate in laparoscopic surgery.

The probability of switching from laparoscopy to open surgery is approximately 1-5%.